Characteristics of HIV-positive FSWs and association with virological failure in Kampala, Uganda (n=432)
| Variable | Suppressed, n (col %) | Not suppressed, n (col %) | OR (95% CI) | LRT p value | aOR (95% CI) |
| Age category, years | 0.064 | ||||
| 35–54 | 142 (36) | 9 (24) | 1 | 1 | |
| 25–34 | 216 (55) | 21 (55) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.4) | 1.9 (0.8 to 4.7) | |
| 18–24 | 36 (9) | 8 (21) | 3.5 (1.3 to 9.7) | 5.3 (1.6 to 17.9) | |
| Level of education | 0.048 | ||||
| No education* | 34 (9) | 6 (16) | 1 | 1 | |
| Primary | 236 (60) | 15 (39) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.0) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.1) | |
| Secondary and above | 124 (31) | 17 (45) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.1) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.5) | |
| Religion | |||||
| Christian* | 304 (77) | 29 (76) | 1 | ||
| Muslim | 90 (23) | 9 (24) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.1) | ||
| Source of income | 0.091 | ||||
| Others in addition to sex work | 212 (54) | 15 (39) | 1 | 1 | |
| Sex work only | 182 (46) | 23 (61) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.5) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.4) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never married | 69 (18) | 9 (24) | 1 | 0.361 | |
| Married | 325 (82) | 29 (76) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.5) | ||
| Physical violence with sexual partners in the past 3 months | |||||
| No* | 137 (37) | 11 (29) | 1 | 0.464 | |
| Yes | 257 (65) | 27 (71) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.6) | ||
| Alcohol use | |||||
| Harmful/High risk | 338 (86) | 32 (84) | 1 | ||
| Alcohol-dependent | 56 (14) | 6 (16) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.8) | ||
| Condom use at last sexual intercourse | |||||
| Yes* | 236 (60) | 23 (61) | 1 | 0.94 | |
| No | 158 (40) | 15 (39) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.9) | ||
| Baseline CD4+ T-cell counts | |||||
| >350 cells/mm3 | 231 (59) | 14 (37) | 1 | 0.01 | 1 |
| ≤350 cells/mm3 | 163 (41) | 24 (63) | 2.4 (1.2 to 4.8) | 3.1 (1.4 to 7.0) | |
| Place of ART initiation | 0.072 | ||||
| Clinic-initiated* | 345 (88) | 29 (76) | 1 | 1 | |
| Transfer-in | 49 (12) | 9 (24) | 2.2 (1.0 to 4.9) | 1.7 (0.5 to 5.9) | |
| Adherence status | 0.019 | ||||
| Adherent* | 333 (85) | 26 (69) | 1 | 1 | |
| Non-adherent | 61 (15) | 12 (31) | 2.5 (1.2 to 5.3) | 2.6 (1.2 to 5.8) | |
| Duration of ART (in years), median (IQR) | 2.3 (1.8–3.1) | 2.7 (2.2–3.8) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.4) | 0.071 | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4) |
For the values in bold; Statistically significant(p<0.05) ; For Multivariate analysis, we retained variables with LRTp-value less than 0.20 and common confounders (age).
*Reference category.
aOR, adjusted OR.ART, antiretroviral therapy; FSWs, female sex workers; LRT, likelihood ratio test;